useful vim shortcut

Cursor movement

h - move left
j - move down
k - move up
l - move right
ctrl-b - page up
ctrl-f - page down
% - jump to matching brace
w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
W - jump by words (spaces separate words)
e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)
b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)
0 - (zero) start of line
^ - first non-blank character of line
$ - end of line
gg - Go to first line
[N]G - Go To line N. No N: last line
Note: Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example,
4j moves down 4 lines.

Insert Mode - Inserting/Appending text

i - start insert mode at cursor
I - insert at the beginning of the line
a - append after the cursor
A - append at the end of the line
o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)
O - open blank line above current line
ea - append at end of word
Esc - exit insert mode

Editing

r - replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
J - join line below to the current one
cc - change (replace) an entire line
cw - change (replace) to the end of word
c$ - change (replace) to the end of line
s - delete character at cursor and subsitute text
S - delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
u - undo
ctrl-r - redo
. - repeat last command
~ - switch case
g~iw - switch case of current word
gUiw - make current word uppercase
guiw - make current word lowercase
>> - indent line one column to right
<< - indet line one column to left
== - auto-indent current line
ddp - swap current line with next
ddkP - swap current line with previous

Cut and Paste

dd - delete (cut) a line
dw - delete the current word
x - delete current character
X - delete previous character
D - delete from cursor to end of line
yy - yank (copy) a line
2yy - yank 2 lines
yw - yank word
y$ - yank to end of line
p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor/current line
P - put (paste) before cursor/current line
:set paste - avoid unexpected effects in pasting

Visual Mode - Marking text

v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)
V - start Linewise visual mode
o - move to other end of marked area
U - upper case of marked area
ctrl+v - start visual block mode
O - move to Other corner of block
aw - mark a word
ab - a () block (with braces)
aB - a {} block (with brackets)
ib - inner () block
iB - inner {} block
Esc - exit visual mode

Visual Mode - Commands

> - shift right
< - shift left
c - change (replace) marked text
y - yank (copy) marked text
d - delete (cut) marked text
~ - switch case

Visual Mode - Cut and paste

1. Place the cursor at the start of your text.
2. ma (marks the location as point 'a')
3. Place the cursor at the end of your text.
4. d'a (cuts back to location 'a')

Exiting

:w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
:wq - write (save) and quit
:x - same as :wq
:q - quit (fails if anything has changed)
:q! - quit and throw away changes

Search/Replace

/pattern - search for pattern
?pattern - search backward for pattern
n - repeat search in same direction
N - repeat search in opposite direction
:%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
:%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations

Working with multiple files

:e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
:n **/*.pl - Open all perl files under the current directory, recursively
:tabe filename - Edit a file in a new tab (Vim7, gVim)
:bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
:bprev (or :bp) - go to previous buffer   (buffer = file ที่เราเปิดก่อนหน้านั้น (มี  shortcut key ?))
:bd - delete a buffer (close a file)
:sp filename - Open a file in a new buffer and split window
ctrl-w s - Split windows
ctrl-w w - switch between windows
ctrl-w q - Quit a window
ctrl-w v - Split windows vertically
ctrl-w > - set width windows vertically left to right
ctrl-w < - set width windows vertically right to left
ctrl-w + - increase current windows higth n line
ctrl-w - - decrease current windows higth n line

Tabs (Vim7) (ตั้งชื่อ tab ได้ไหม?)

gt - Next tab
gT - Previous tab
:tabr - First tab
:tabl - Last tab
:tabm [N] - Move current tab after tab N. No N: last. N=0: first.
$vim -p file1 file2 fileN  - Open multiple files in different tabs (vim7)

Command Line Options

$vim -c "vim command" file - execute an editor command on startup

Commands

:setlocal fileformat=dos|unix
:setlocal fileencoding=utf-8

More help

:help - main help portal (with links to more help pages)
:viusage - show a huge cheat sheet listing every command


navigation
gg Goto start of file
G Goto end of file
:54 Goto line 54
80| Goto column 80
Ctrl+g Show file info including your position in the file
ga Show character info g8 shows UTF8 encoding
Ctrl+e scroll up Ctrl+x needed first for insert mode
Ctrl+y scroll down Ctrl+x needed first for insert mode
zt scroll current line to top of window
w Goto next word Note Ctrl+{right} in newer vims (which work also in insert mode)
b Goto previous word Note Ctrl+{left} in newer vims
[{ Goto previous { of current scope
% Goto matching #if #else,{},(),[],/* */ must be one on line
zi toggle folds on/off


???

nˆO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . go to nth older position in jump list
nˆI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . go to nth newer position in jump list


 CTRL-O    go to Nth older position in jump list
 CTRL-I    go to Nth newer position in jump list

m {a-z} mark position as {a-z}  E.g. m a
' {a-z} move to position {a-z}  E.g. ' a
' ' move to previous position  
'0  open previous file  handy after starting vim

gf open file

Ctrl+g  Show file info
ga  Show character info

=   reindent selection  very useful to fix indentation for c code
>   indent section  useful with Shift+v%
<   unindent section    remember . to repeat and u to undo

see more : /usr/share/vim/vim73/